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Question

Write any two examples of compounds which have same molecular and empirical formulae.


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Solution

Part 1: Empirical formula of a compound:-

  1. It is the simplest formula, that shows the simplest whole-number ratio between the atoms of the elements in the compound.
  2. The empirical formula of a compound represents only the atomic ratio of the various elements present in it's molecule.

Part 2: Relation between molecular formula and empirical formula:-

Since,

molecularweight=n×empiricalformulaweightn=MolecularweightEmpiricalformulaweight

Therefore, Molecularformula=(Empiricalformula)n

If n=1, the molecular formula and empirical formula are the same.

Part 3: Molecular and empirical formula of Formaldehyde (CH2O),:-

  1. Empirical formula of formaldehyde is
CompoundMolecular FormulaWhole NumbersSimplest Ratio of Empirical Formula
FormaldehydeCH2O1:2:1CH2O

n=MolecularweightofformaldehydeEmpiricalformulaweightofformaldehyden=12+(2×1)+1612+(2×1)+16n=1

Since n=1, as a result, the molecular formula of formaldehyde (CH2O) is the same as the empirical formula.

Part 4: Molecular and empirical formula of methane (CH4),:-

  1. Empirical formula of methane(CH4) is
CompoundMolecular FormulaWhole NumbersSimplest Ratio of Empirical Formula
MethaneCH41:4CH4

n=MolecularweightofmethaneEmpiricalformulaweightofmethanen=12+(4×1)12+(4×1)n=1

Since n=1, as a result, the molecular formula of formaldehyde (CH4) is the same as the empirical formula.

Hence, two examples of compounds which have same molecular and empirical formulae are Formaldehyde(CH2O)and Methane(CH4)


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