Write short notes on the gas laws.

The Gas Laws

• Gas laws are the result of various research activities on the physical properties of gases carried out by scientists in the late 16^th century.
• The relationship between various physical properties of gases such as Temperature, Volume, mass, and pressure are obtained through these gas laws.
• Later on, these gas laws were combined to develop an Ideal Gas Law.

Boyle's Law

• According to this law, for a fixed amount of gas and at a constant temperature, the pressure exerted by a gas on the walls of container is inversely proportional to the volume occupied by the gas.
• It can be represented mathematically as,
  $P\propto \frac{1}{V}$ or $PV=cons\tan t$
  Where, $P$ is the pressure exerted by gas and $V$ is the volume occupied by the gas

Charle's Law

• According to this law, for a fixed amount of gas and at constant pressure, the volume occupied by the gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas.
• It can be represented mathematically as,
  $V\propto T$ or $\frac{V}{T}=cons\tan t$
  Where, $T$ is the absolute temperature of the gas, $V$ is the volume occupied by the gas.

Gay Lussac's Law

• According to this law, for a fixed amount of gas and at constant Volume, the Pressure exerted by a gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas.
• It can be represented mathematically as,
  $P\propto T$ or $\frac{P}{T}=\mathrm{co}ns\tan t$
  Where, $P$ is the pressure exerted by gas and $T$ is absolute temperature.

Avogadro's Law

• According to this law, At constant pressure and temperature, the number of moles of a gas is directly proportional to the volume occupied by gas.
• It can be represented mathematically as,
  $V\propto n$ or $\frac{V}{n}=\mathrm{co}ns\tan t$
  Where $V$ is the volume occupied by gas and $n$ is the number of moles of gas