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National Health Mission - Major Initiatives and Successes

National Health Mission was launched by the Government of India with the objective of addressing India’s malnutrition crisis. This mission subsumed 2 other malnutrition missions that already existed with the aim of targeting rural population and urban population. This mission was launched in the year 2013 and is implemented by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. This article covers the 4 main components of the mission, major objectives, goals, major initiatives and some of the successes of the National Health Mission.

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National Health Mission – 4 Components of the Mission

  1. National Rural Health Mission
  2. National Urban Health Mission
  3. Tertiary Care Programmes
  4. Human Resources for Health and Medical Education

National Health Mission – Major Objectives

  1. The mission targets to move beyond earlier missions focus on reproductive and child health
  2. Tackle 2 categories of diseases – Communicable and Non-Communicable
  3. To give a major impetus to health infrastructure facilities at District and Sub-District levels.

National Health Mission – Goals

Some of the major goals of the National Health Mission are given below.

  1. Total Fertility Rate (TFR) – Reduce it to 2.1
  2. Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) – Reduce it to 25 per 1000 live births
  3. Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) – Reduce it to 1 per 1000 live births
  4. Bring down the malaria cases to less than 1 per 1000 population.
  5. Prevent and reduce anaemia in women in the age bracket of 15 years to 49 years.
  6. Bring down cases and mortality due to tuberculosis by half.

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Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan (SUMAN) Scheme Health Care Sector in India National Mental Health Programme (NMHP)
National Health Assurance Mission (NHAM) National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)
Infant mortality rate Maternal Mortality Rate Maternal Neonatal Tetanus
National Ayush Mission Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMBSY) Health Protection Scheme

National Health Mission – Major Initiatives

There are around 24 major initiatives under the National Health Mission.

Below table gives details of 10 Major initiatives under National Health Mission

Major Initiatives Details
Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHA)
  1. There are more than 9.15 lakh ASHA activists spread across the country.
  2. They have had a positive impact on institutional delivery, immunization, disease control programmes.
Rogi Kalyan Samiti/Hospital Management
  1. 31,673 Rogi Kalyan Samiti (RKS) has been set up across District and Sub District Hospitals, Community and Primary Health Care Centres.
  2. It is a registered society whose members are responsible for ensuring good facilities for patients at the hospital.
United Grants to Sub Centres (SC)
  1. Better equipped to provide better health care to patients.
Village Health Sanitation and Nutrition Committee (VHSNC)
  1. Made up of members from Panchayati Raj
  2. There 5 Lakh VHSNC across the country
  3. Public service monitoring and planning is part of their agenda
Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY)
  1. Encouraging pregnant women to deliver in government health facilities thereby helping to reduce maternal mortality
  2. 8.55 crore women have benefitted from this scheme.
Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSY)
  1. Pregnant women will bear no expenses for delivery in public health institutions.
  2. Health services will be free of cost for sick infants below age 1 year.
National Mobile Medical Units
  1. Support provided in 333 out of 672 districts for 1107 Mobile Medical Units
National Ambulance Service
  1. This service can be accessed through toll-free service.
Infrastructure Development
  1. 33% of National Health Mission funds can be used for Infrastructure Development.
Comprehensive Primary Health Care
  1. Improve access to Information, Communication and Technology (ICT)
  2. Enhance Quality of Care
  3. Improved access to technology, drugs, diagnostics.

National Health Mission – Some Major Successes

  1. Mission Indradhanush – It helped in increasing immunization cover by over 5% in just 1 year.
  2. Kayakalp Initiative – This was launched with the plan to inculcate hygiene, sanitation, effective waste management, and infection control in public health facilities. This initiative has introduced awards which resulted in significant improvement in sanitation standards.

National Health Mission – UPSC Notes:- Download PDF Here

FAQ about National Health Mission

Q1

When was the National Health Mission launched?

The National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) was launched by the then Prime Minister on 12th April 2005, to provide accessible, affordable and quality health care to the rural population, especially the vulnerable groups.
Q2

What is the aim of national health mission?

The Goal of the Mission is to improve the availability of and access to quality health care by people, especially for those residing in rural areas, the poor, women and children. Universal access to public health services such as Women’s health, child health, water, sanitation & hygiene, immunization, and Nutrition.

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