Socio-Economic Caste Census (SECC) 2011 is the first-ever census that generated comprehensive data covering households in both rural and urban areas. It is important to know about the findings of SECC 2011 for the IAS Exam and this article is going to provide you with the relevant details for it.
SECC 2021 that was earlier scheduled in February 2021 has been delayed. It is expected that now the census will take place in February 2022.
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When was the last Socio-Economic Caste Census conducted?
It was conducted in 2011.
What was unique about the Socio-Economic Caste Census (SECC ) – 2011?
- It was the first paperless census in India, conducted on handheld electronic devices, in 640 districts.
- It was the first-ever caste-based census since 1931 census of India.
- Data was collected on manual scavenging and Transgender count in India.
When was the first caste census conducted in India?
The first caste census was conducted in the year 1881.
Socio-Economic Caste Census 2011 was not conducted under the 1948 Census of India Act. What is the significance of this exclusion?
Disclosure of information was not mandatory. Sharing of details was voluntary for the citizens.
How many states, UT and districts were covered in SECC 2011 census?
SECC 2011 census was conducted in all states and UT’s.
Before SECC 2011 census, which were the previous censuses used to identify households Below Poverty Line?
Previous to Socio-Economic Caste Census 2011, there were 3 other censuses that were used to collect data on households Below Poverty Line.
- 1992 census
- 1997 census
- 2002 census
When were the findings of the Socio-Economic Caste Census 2011 released?
The results of SECC 2011 were released in 2015.
In which place was the Socio-Economic Caste Census 2011 launched?
SECC 2011 was first launched from Sankhola village of Hazemara Block in West Tripura District.
How is the Government of India planning to use the SECC 2011 data?
Government of India is planning to use the data collected from Socio-Economic Caste Census 2011, to implement their Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) schemes and to expand Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana, Aadhar and Mobile Governance (JAM).
How is the Rural Development Ministry planning to utilise the SECC 2011 data?
Rural Development Ministry is planning to use the SECC 2011 data in the following programmes.
- National Food Security Act
- Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)
- Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana
Which were the Ministries responsible for conducting Socio-Economic Caste Census (SECC) 2011?
- Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation – Urban Areas.
- Ministry of Rural Development – Rural Areas
- Ministry of Home Affairs: Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India – responsible for the caste census.
Caste Census 2011 – Major Findings
- The number of households in India – 24.49 Crore, 17.97 crores live in villages.
- 10.74 crore households are considered deprived.
- Approximately 30% of households in rural areas are landless and they majorly get their income from manual labour.
- Around 13% of families in villages live in houses of 1 room.
- 56% of rural households lack agricultural land
- SECC 2011 recorded a higher number of illiterates in than the numbers recorded in 2011 Census of India.
- 60% of rural households are deprived or poor.
- 35% of urban households are poor.
- 1.80 Lakh households are engaged in manual scavenging for livelihood. Maharashtra has the highest number of manual scavengers.
- 48% of the rural population is female.
Committee formed to design Below Poverty Line (BPL) census
Dr N C Saxena committee (for rural areas) and SR Hashim committee (for urban areas) were constituted to suggest the design of the new Below Poverty Line (BPL) census. They recommended a three-fold classification of households.
- Excluded Households: these would be identified by assets owned and income and would not be eligible for welfare benefits of the government.
- Automatically included Households: these would be the households facing extreme social destitution and would automatically be included for the welfare benefits of the government.
- Other Households: these households would be eligible for graded benefits decided on the basis of multiple deprivation indicators.
However, both the committees used different parameters for the classification of households in rural and urban areas.
Socio-Economic Caste Census – Latest News
- The state of Odisha wants Socio-Economic Caste Census to be held simultaneously with General Census in 2021.
- There can a few changes in the eligibility criteria of rural households in the SECC 2021. The government is yet to provide detailed information on SECC 2021.
Candidates can go through the video for a better understanding of the measurement of poverty-
Socio-Economic Caste Census 2011 – UPSC Notes:- Download PDF Here
Candidates can find the general pattern of the UPSC Civil Service Exam by visiting the IAS Syllabus page.
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